References
Carter, C. N., & Smith, J. L. (2021). A proposal to leverage high-quality veterinary diagnostic laboratory large data streams for animal health, public health, and One Health. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, 33(3), 399-409. http://pvamu.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edo&AN=150253540
Test data generated by ~60 accredited member laboratories of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians (AAVLD) is of exceptional quality. These data are captured by 1 of 13 laboratory information management systems (LIMSs) developed specifically for veterinary diagnostic laboratories (VDLs). Beginning ~2000, the National Animal Health Laboratory Network (NAHLN) developed an electronic messaging system for LIMS to automatically send standardized data streams for 14 select agents to a national repository. This messaging enables the U.S. Department of Agriculture to track and respond to high-consequence animal disease outbreaks such as highly pathogenic avian influenza. Because of the lack of standardized data collection in the LIMSs used at VDLs, there is, to date, no means of summarizing VDL large data streams for multi-state and national animal health studies or for providing near-real-time tracking for hundreds of other important animal diseases in the United States that are detected routinely by VDLs. Further, VDLs are the only state and federal resources that can provide early detection and identification of endemic and emerging zoonotic diseases. Zoonotic diseases are estimated to be responsible for 2.5 billion cases of human illness and 2.7 million deaths worldwide every year. The economic and health impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is self-evident. We review here the history and progress of data management in VDLs and discuss ways of seizing unexplored opportunities to advance data leveraging to better serve animal health, public health, and One Health. ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]; Copyright of Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Decaro, N., Martella, V., Saif, L. J., & Buonavoglia, C. (2020). COVID-19 from veterinary medicine and one health perspectives: What animal coronaviruses have taught us. Research in Veterinary Science, 131, 21-23. 10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.04.009
Evidence-based veterinary medicine manifesto for better animal health. (2020). Veterinary Record: Journal of the British Veterinary Association, 187(5), 175. http://pvamu.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edb&AN=145538640
Gertzell, E., Magnusson, U., Ikwap, K., Dione, M., Lindström, L., Eliasson-Selling, L., & Jacobson, M. (2021). Animal health beyond the single disease approach – A role for veterinary herd health management in low-income countries? Research in Veterinary Science, 136, 453-463. 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.03.021
In order to identify and evaluate health related constraints faced by Ugandan pig farmers, a veterinary herd health management approach (VHHM) was applied in 20 randomly selected pig farms in the Lira district, Uganda. Regular herd visits were conducted between July 2018 and June 2019, using e.g. interviews, observations, clinical examinations and laboratory analyzes to gather qualitative and quantitative data on relevant aspects of the production. The pig farmers kept on average 18.6 pigs, including 2.6 sows/year. The production figures varied considerably but were generally poor. The sows produced 1.6 litters/year and 8.2 piglets born alive per litter, the average daily gain was 101 g/day, and the mortality in growers was 9.7%. Four major constraints were identified; poor nutrition, infectious diseases, inferior biosecurity, and poor reproductive management. The quantity and quality of feed was suboptimal. Endo- and ectoparasites were very common, causing diarrhea, bronchitis, pneumonia, skin lesions and pruritus. Post-weaning diarrhea associated with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli was important in the two largest herds, and parvoviral antibodies were found in seven herds, two experiencing problems with mummified fetuses. Biosecurity practices were insufficient and inconsistent, with free-ranging pigs and the use of village boars being the major risks. Reproductive figures were affected by poor estrus detection and service management. Overall, farmers lacked important knowledge on good management practices. In conclusion, the VHHM identified several important constraints that should be addressed in order to increase the productivity of Ugandan pig herds.
How the evidence-based veterinary medicine manifesto for better animal health was developed. (2020). The Veterinary Record, 187(5), e38. 10.1136/vr.m3412
Jacobs, C. A. (2019). Chemical Hoards in Foods of Animal Origin (Volume 7: Food Safety Assurance and Veterinary Public Health Series). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 255(6), 678. http://pvamu.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=asx&AN=138496516
Kelly, R. (2019). Opportunities for the veterinary profession in the future of animal health. Veterinary Ireland Journal, 9(4), 220-221. http://pvamu.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=136188994
Lai, N., Khosa, D., Jones-Bitton, A., & Dewey, C. E. (2019). Students' Experiences of Seeking Web-Based Animal Health Information at the Ontario Veterinary College: Exploratory Qualitative Study. JMIR Medical Education, 5(2), e13795. 10.2196/13795
Background: Although searching for health information on the internet has offered clear benefits of rapid access to information for seekers such as patients, medical practitioners, and students, detrimental effects on seekers' experiences have also been documented. Health information overload is one such side effect, where an information seeker receives excessive volumes of potentially useful health-related messages that cannot be processed in a timely manner. This phenomenon has been documented among medical professionals, with consequences that include impacts on patient care. Presently, the use of the internet for health-related information, and particularly animal health information, in veterinary students has received far less research attention.; Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore veterinary students' internet search experiences to understand how students perceived the nature of Web-based information and how these perceptions influence their information management.; Methods: For this qualitative exploratory study, 5 separate focus groups and a single interview were conducted between June and October 2016 with a sample of 21 veterinary students in Ontario, Canada.; Results: Thematic analysis of focus group transcripts demonstrated one overarching theme, The Overwhelming Nature of the Internet, depicted by two subthemes: Volume and Type of Web-based Health Information and Processing, Managing, and Evaluating Information.; Conclusions: Integrating electronic health information literacy training into human health sciences students' training has shown to have positive effects on information management skills. Given a recent Association of American Veterinary Medical Colleges report that considers health literacy as a professional competency, results of this study point to a direction for future research and for institutions to contemplate integrating information literacy skills in veterinary curricula. Specifically, we propose that the information literacy skills should include knowledge about access, retrieval, evaluation, and timely application of Web-based information. (©Nanette Lai, Deep Khosa, Andria Jones-Bitton, Cate E Dewey. Originally published in JMIR Medical Education (http://mededu.jmir.org), 08.11.2019.)
Lumbis, R. H., & Scally, M. (2020). Knowledge, attitudes and application of nutrition assessments by the veterinary health care team in small animal practice. Journal of Small Animal Practice, 61(8), 494. 10.1111/jsap.13182
Objectives To assess the impact of the WSAVA Global Nutrition Committee's work in promoting nutrition as the fifth vital assessment and enhancing knowledge of nutrition. Further objectives were to ascertain use of existing Global Nutrition Committee assessment tools, identify potential new tools and determine which members of the veterinary health care team are responsible for carrying out nutrition assessments, planning and intervention in practice. Materials and Methods A 16-question online questionnaire on the awareness, use and frequency of nutritional assessment was completed by 2740 veterinary health care team members. Statistical association was tested between the reported frequency of nutritional assessment in practice and the likely establishment of normal dietary regime, calculation of energy requirements and creation of nutritional plans. Results Most respondents (95%) currently had responsibility for providing small animal nutrition education, yet only 27% were aware of the WSAVA guidelines. Over half (64%) recognised nutritional evaluation as the fifth vital assessment. Only 4% consistently used WSAVA tools to perform a systematic nutritional assessment. Veterinarians and veterinary nurses/technicians were the most frequent source of nutritional advice in practice, with the consultation recognised as the most important contact point with clients. Clinical Significance Awareness of nutritional assessment is apparent, yet implementation in practice is inconsistent. These findings will help the WSAVA Global Nutrition Committee prioritise future activities to support the veterinary health care team and pet owners with nutrition-related knowledge, tools and resources. CAPTION(S): Appendix S1. Supporting Information Byline: R. H. Lumbis, M. Scally
Nolen, R. S., & Larkin, M. (2019). Gains for animal health in farm bill: Lawmakers fund new animal health program, vaccine bank, other veterinary priorities. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 254(4), 441-442. http://pvamu.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=asx&AN=134582927
The article reports on the move of President Donald Trump to sign into law an $867 billion farm bill aimed at improving national animal disease detection and response capabilities in the U.S. It offers overview of the provisions of the bill that authorizes funding to create new National Animal Disease Preparedness and Response Program. It also mentions the advantage of the initiative since it offers improvement to national animal disease response capabilities.
Ouyang, Z., Sargeant, J., Thomas, A., Wycherley, K., Ma, R., Esmaeilbeigi, R., Versluis, A., Stacey, D., Stone, E., Poljak, Z., & Bernardo, T. M. (2019). A scoping review of 'big data', 'informatics', and 'bioinformatics' in the animal health and veterinary medical literature. Animal Health Research Reviews, 20(1), 1-18. 10.1017/S1466252319000136
Research in big data, informatics, and bioinformatics has grown dramatically (Andreu-Perez J, et al. , 2015, IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics 19, 1193–1208). Advances in gene sequencing technologies, surveillance systems, and electronic medical records have increased the amount of health data available. Unconventional data sources such as social media, wearable sensors, and internet search engine activity have also contributed to the influx of health data. The purpose of this study was to describe how 'big data', 'informatics', and 'bioinformatics' have been used in the animal health and veterinary medical literature and to map and chart publications using these terms through time. A scoping review methodology was used. A literature search of the terms 'big data', 'informatics', and 'bioinformatics' was conducted in the context of animal health and veterinary medicine. Relevance screening on abstract and full-text was conducted sequentially. In order for articles to be relevant, they must have used the words 'big data', 'informatics', or 'bioinformatics' in the title or abstract and full-text and have dealt with one of the major animal species encountered in veterinary medicine. Data items collected for all relevant articles included species, geographic region, first author affiliation, and journal of publication. The study level, study type, and data sources were collected for primary studies. After relevance screening, 1093 were classified. While there was a steady increase in 'bioinformatics' articles between 1995 and the end of the study period, 'informatics' articles reached their peak in 2012, then declined. The first 'big data' publication in animal health and veterinary medicine was in 2012. While few articles used the term 'big data' (n = 14), recent growth in 'big data' articles was observed. All geographic regions produced publications in 'informatics' and 'bioinformatics' while only North America, Europe, Asia, and Australia/Oceania produced publications about 'big data'. 'Bioinformatics' primary studies tended to use genetic data and tended to be conducted at the genetic level. In contrast, 'informatics' primary studies tended to use non-genetic data sources and conducted at an organismal level. The rapidly evolving definition of 'big data' may lead to avoidance of the term. ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]; Copyright of Animal Health Research Reviews is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Podgorny, I. (2018). A horse-cloth for Uganda, or how an account by a transhumant veterinary connects histories, animal diseases and continents. History & Technology, 34(1), 71-78. 10.1080/07341512.2018.1516856
The picture of a ‘pony in pajamas’ is used to construct the backstory of a deadly animal disease in three parts. First, by focusing on the figure of the ‘author’ of the cloth depicted in the picture, Scottish veterinarian Robert John Stordy, one can examine the repercussions of transhumant biographical itineraries. Second, a focus on regional epizootics helps alter scales defining the local versus the global. Third, the global circulation of mules and the medicines used to cure them illustrate displacement of objects and knowledge that shaped the understanding of sickness and its remedies. Thus, the remedies and horse-clothes used in Uganda not only speak of things and beings that linked distant geographies and contexts, they also mark the multiple hubs where these connections did occur, propelled in part by commercial interests, biographical itineraries and, of course, randomness. ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]; Copyright of History & Technology is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Polak, M. P., Kuzmak, J., Wasyl, D., Olejnik, M., Smietanka, K., & Wozniakowski, G. (2018). Strengthening of scientific excellence of the National Veterinary Research Institute in animal health and food chain safety
SANAL, Ş, MENTEŞ GÜRLER, A., & ERLER, M. Y. (2018). A Historical Research on the First (1927) and Second (1929) Balkan Veterinary Congress on Infectious Animal Diseases. Kafkas Universitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 24(5), 743-750. 10.9775/kvfd.2018.19913
The first initiative aimed at international cooperation in the prevention of epizootic diseases was launched by Professor John Gamgee, and the first international veterinary meeting was held in Hamburg, Germany on July 14-18, 1863. At that time, efforts were made to fight and ensure protection against animal diseases in Turkey, but it was not until the early years of the Republic that intensive and multifaceted efforts at a national and international level came into effect. Experienced veterinarians from various countries were invited to Turkey to carry out studies here, and Turkish veterinarians were dispatched to international congresses and meetings on animal health and improvement. At the same time, attempts were made to establish a common border health authority with neighboring countries, and efforts were made to develop health legislation. Close cooperation with the Balkan states on matters of policy following the proclamation of the Republic became obligatory, particularly with respect to animal diseases, and led to the Balkan Governments Infectious Animal Diseases Congress-I being held in Istanbul on October 4-12, 1927, followed by the Balkan Veterinary Congress II, held in Bucharest on September 21, 1929. The present study found that the senior civil servants from Turkey, Greece, Bulgaria, Romania and Yugoslavia that had attended the two congresses discussed the fight against epizootic diseases and the establishment of a veterinary organization on the borders. In conclusion, these congresses may be said to have laid the groundwork for the “Geneva International Veterinary Convention (1935)” and the bilateral veterinary conventions concluded between participatory countries that followed. (English) ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]; Salgın hayvan hastalıklarının önlenmesinde uluslararası işbirliği yapılması için ilk girişim Profesör John Gamgee tarafından başlatılmış ve 14-18 Temmuz 1863’te Almanya’nın Hamburgh kentinde ilk uluslararası veteriner hekimler toplantısı gerçekleştirilmiştir. Aynı dönemde Türkiye’de de hayvan hastalıkları ile mücadele ve koruma çalışmaları yürütülmekle birlikte, ancak Cumhuriyetin ilk yıllarında ulusal ve uluslararası düzeyde gerçekleştirilen yoğun ve çok yönlü çalışmalar etkili olabilmiştir. Bu dönemde bir taraftan çeşitli ülkelerden veteriner hekimlik alanında deneyimli uzmanlar Türkiye’ye davet edilerek ülkede çalışmaları sağlanmış; diğer taraftan Türk veteriner hekimler hayvan ıslahı ve sağlığı ile ilgili olarak düzenlenen uluslararası kongre ve toplantılara gönderilmiştir. Aynı zamanda, komşu ülkelerle sınır noktalarında ortak sağlık zabıtası kurulması girişimlerinde bulunulmuş ve sağlık mevzuatının geliştirilmesine yönelik çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Cumhuriyet’in ilanından sonra izlenmeye başlanan Balkan devletleri ile yakın iş birliği politikası, özellikle hayvan hastalıkları konusunda zorunlu hale gelmiştir. Bu amaçla, 4-12 Ekim 1927 tarihleri arasında İstanbul’da I. Balkan Hükümetleri Emraz-ı Sariye-i Hayvaniye Kongresi ve 21 Eylül 1929’da da Bükreş’te II. Balkan Baytar Kongresi düzenlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye, Yunanistan, Bulgaristan, Romanya ve Yugoslavya’dan üst düzey bürokratların katılımıyla gerçekleşen bu iki kongrede bulaşıcı hayvan hastalıklarıyla mücadele ile sınırlarda veteriner hekimliği örgütünün kurulması konularının görüşüldüğü tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak bu kongrelerin daha sonra yapılacak olan “Uluslararası Cenevre Veteriner Anlaşması (1935)” ile katılımcı ülkeler arasında farklı zamanlarda yapılan ikili veteriner anlaşmalarına temel oluşturduğu ileri sürülebilir. (Turkish) ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]; Copyright of Kafkas Universitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi is the property of University of Kafkas, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Smith, P. W., Agbaje, M., LeRoux-Pullen, L., van Dyk, D., Debusho, L. K., Shittu, A., Sirdar, M. M., Fasanmi, O. G., Adebowale, O., & Fasina, F. O. (2019). Implication of the knowledge and perceptions of veterinary students of antimicrobial resistance for future prescription of antimicrobials in animal health, South Africa. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association, 90(1), 1-8. 10.4102/jsava.v90i0.1765
Understanding the knowledge and perceptions of veterinary students of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) as potential future prescribers of antimicrobials may serve as an opportunity to improve stewardship of AMR. Pre-final (n = 42) and final (n = 29) year veterinary students of the University of Pretoria completed questionnaires to determine their knowledge and perceptions of AMR. Of the 71 respondents, mixed practice (48%) and small animal practice (45%) were the most preferred career choices post-graduation, with the field of gross pathology being the least preferred. Over 80% of the respondents believed that veterinary practitioners' misuse of antimicrobials contributes to AMR and a higher percentage (98.6%) believed that farmers' misuse of antimicrobials encourages the development of AMR, in particular, in food animals (60.6%) compared to companion animals (50.7%). Agreement in the ranking of abuse of antimicrobials between pre-final and final year students was fair (36.4%; kappa 0.3), and the most abused antimicrobials in descending order listed by the students were tetracyclines, penicillins, sulphonamides and aminoglycosides. There was wide disparity between training and potential field application, as well as variations in the correct matching of antimicrobials to their respective antibiotic classes. Responses to the clinical application of antimicrobials also varied widely. Despite the apparent teaching of AMR to veterinary students, gaps may exist in the translation of theoretical concepts to clinical applications, hence the need for focused and targeted antimicrobial prescription and stewardship training to bridge these potential identified gaps. ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]; Copyright of Journal of the South African Veterinary Association is the property of African Online Scientific Information System PTY LTD and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Volk, J. O., Schimmack, U., Strand, E. B., Lord, L. K., & Siren, C. W. (2018). Executive summary of the Merck Animal Health Veterinary Wellbeing Study
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