Scholarly communication is the process by which scholars create, evaluate, and share the results of their research and creative work.
Common Terms related to Scholarly Communication
Copyrights given to authors by publishers. When you sign a contract to publish that work, you may be asked to transfer your copyright. Many academic publishers require that authors sign away the rights to their work. Authors can retain the rights to their work in several ways: by using Creative Commons license, by publishing in open access journals, or by negotiating an author's addendum to the traditional scholarly publishing contract.
Bundling
A business practice of many large commercial publishers that entails offering universities access to a large group of journal titles at a discounted price.
Copyright
The exclusive legal rights granted by a government to an author, editor, compiler, composer, playwright, publisher, or distributor to publish, produce, sell, or distribute copies of a literary, musical, dramatic, artistic, or other work, within certain limitations (fair use and first sale). Copyright law also governs the right to prepare derivative works, reproduce a work or portions of it, and display or perform a work in public.
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
A DOI provides current information about digital content (e.g., articles), including where the items (or information about the items) can be found on the Internet. Information about a digital object may change over time, including where to find it, but its DOI name will not change.
Digital Repository
An online, searchable, web-accessible database containing works of research deposited by scholars. Purpose is both increased access to scholarship and long-term preservation.
Fair Use
A provision of copyright law that outlines the extent to which copyrighted work can be used or reproduced without seeking the permission of the copyright holder. Libraries rely on fair use to be able to provide access to research materials, and scholars depend on it to allow them to cite the research of others in their work.
Institutional Repository
Often abbreviated as “IR,” an institutional repository is an online, searchable, web-accessible database containing works of research deposited by scholars working at a particular institution
International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)
A unique eight-digit number used to identify a print or electronic periodical publication, such as an academic journal. Many journals will have two ISSN numbers, one for the print version and one for the online version.
International Standard Book Number (ISBN)
A unique thirteen-digit number used to identify published books.
Open Access
Scholarly literature freely available on the public web. The term also refers to open access journal publishing and author self-archiving in digital repositories or on personal websites. A work that is referred to as “open access” is typically digital, online, free of charge, and free of most copyright and licensing restrictions.
Scholarly Article
An article that describe research and inquiry, typically presented in peer-reviewed scholarly journals and conference proceedings.
Scholarly Communication
The means by which individuals engaged in academic research and creative endeavor inform their peers, formally or informally, of the work they are engaged in or have accomplished.
Self Archiving
Self-archiving is a strategy used by authors to make their scholarly works available on the open web--to provide open access. In this context, the contents are usually journal articles, conference or technical reports, theses and dissertations, or data sets. A scholarly work is self-archived if it is posted to a personal or professional web site, deposited in an institutional repository, or contributed by the author to a disciplinary archive such as the Social Science Research Network (SSRN), arXiv, or PubMed Central.
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