References
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Caulum, M. S. (2007). Postadolescent Brain Development: a Disconnect between Neuroscience, Emerging Adults, and the Corrections System. Wisconsin Law Review, 2007(3), 729-758. http://pvamu.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bsx&AN=28085424
The article offers information on the research about the brain development of postadolescents and its application to the correction system. According to the author, scientists' studies in America suggests that human brain continues to develop until the age of twenty-five, specifically in the areas including judgment, reasoning and impulse control. The author suggests that the Supreme Court should have a system for the emerging adults, and that the sentencing should be based on an individual's information on moral culpability and the development of behavior and cognitive perception.
Graham, E. (2017). Emerging Adults in the Federal System: A Case for Implementing the Federal Youth Corrections Act. Harvard Law & Policy Review, 11(2), 619-634. http://pvamu.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=129760381
The article informs that with the development of neuroscience and technological advancements U.S. Congress should develop effective and just criminal justice system for engaging juveniles in Federal Youth Corrections Act. Topics discussed include constitutionality of sentencing juveniles to capital punishment and life in prison; determining appropriate sentencing for juveniles in the criminal justice system; and court cases Graham v. Florida, and Miller v. Alabama on the same.
Johnson, T. P., Cho, Y. I., Fendrich, M., Graf, I., Kelly-Wilson, L., & Pickup, L. (2004). Treatment need and utilization among youth entering the juvenile corrections system. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 26(2), 117. 10.1016/S0740-5472(03)00164-8
Relatively little is known about the substance abuse treatment need patterns and experiences of youth incarcerated in the United States juvenile justice system. To address this issue, four analytic questions concerned with understanding the predictors of treatment need and utilization patterns among adolescents entering the juvenile corrections system are examined. Data analyzed were collected as part of a face-to-face survey of 401 youth who entered the Illinois juvenile correctional system in mid-2000. Overall, need for treatment and treatment utilization each were predicted by sets of social environmental and personal characteristics, in addition to several sociodemographic variables. Less than half of youth with an identified need for treatment reported receiving treatment. Considerable variability in the effects of demographic and social environmental indicators on treatment need and utilization across race groups also was observed. These findings underscore the need for the continual development of the cultural competence of treatment providers and the expansion of onsite provision of substance abuse treatment services to incarcerated juveniles. Copyright &y& Elsevier]; Copyright of Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Letman IV, S. T. (2013). Correcting Corrections: a just Response to the American Criminal Justice System. Journal of Global Intelligence & Policy, 6(10), 41-50. http://pvamu.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=94267160
This paper attempts to address and formulate a just and ethical response to the Criminal Justice system's War on Drugs by focusing on the ethical issues of sentencing and mass incarceration through studying its effects on Minority communities. The first half of the paper engages the issue of integrity in the Criminal Justice system. By investigating the ethical dimensions behind sentencing and incarceration I will show that the American criminal justice system primarily functions as a mechanism of racialized social control. As criminality becomes connected with race the legislative measures are also tied to racial classification. Therefore the legal system now delimitated by perceived racial identity now functions as racist, unjust, and immoral. The resulting collateral damage on minority neighborhoods from the War on Drugs are communities that are economically, socially, and politically disadvantaged. The second half of the paper attempts to formulate a just response for Minority religious communities and institutions affected by the War on Drugs and the prison-industrial complex through the method of civil resistance pioneered by Martin Luther King, Jr., through King's six steps of nonviolent change in conjunction with his description of just law and an examination of the results of the War on Drugs and the collateral damage to communities. I assert that the communities' continued compliance with the American criminal justice system will not interrupt the dynamics of systemic oppression. Therefore the Church and affected communities are called by God to confront this systemic evil. Using the same Biblical authority of the American Civil Rights movement and King's methodology I propose that the Church should use nonviolent resistance to interrupt the Drug War to restore lives and communities and to stop the injustice of the prison-industrial complex. ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]; Copyright of Journal of Global Intelligence & Policy is the property of Intellectbase International Consortium and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Mears, D. P. (2008). Accountability, Efficiency, and Effectiveness in Corrections: Shining a Light on the Black Box of Prison Systems. Criminology & Public Policy, 7(1), 143-152. http://pvamu.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edb&AN=29993625
The article discusses a study by John Rynne et al. on the contribution of public-sector commercialization to a prison riot in the U.S. The study investigates how a policy initiative, prison privatization, can influence system operations and such outcomes as riots. It also underscores the lack of institutionalized performance and outcome monitoring in prison systems. It highlights the issue that correctional systems operate as black boxes without sufficient measures and monitoring systems in places to document the practices and behaviors that constitute corrections. A benefit of measuring prison system performance is that it can help provide a corrective to assumptions that are unfounded.
Menihan, C. J. (2015). Criminal Mind or Inculpable Adolescence? A Glimpse at the History, Failures, and Required Changes of the American Juvenile Correction System. Pace Law Review, 35(2), 761-784. http://pvamu.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=103317156
The article provides a historical analysis of the principles, understandings, and laws which formed and altered the American juvenile correction system. Topics discussed include development and early failures of the American juvenile correction system, the history of juvenile waiver laws, and the constitutional results of increased juvenile waiver legislation.
Palumbo, D. J. (1983). Community Corrections: is it just another Way of Tinkering with the Criminal Justice System? Policy Studies Review, 2, 201-215. http://pvamu.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=11408143
Discusses the theory underlying community corrections, and the problems involved in implementing it. Evaluation of comprehensive community corrections in Minnesota and Oregon; Determination of whether community corrections have achieved the intended goals of reducing incarceration in state prisons at least cost.
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